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PLACE NAMES



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Shkodër
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Shkodër (definite Albanian form: Shkodra), historically also known as Scutari in Latin, is a city in northwestern Albania in the District of Shkodër, of which it is the capital. It is one of the oldest and most historic places in Albania, as well as an important cultural and economic centre.
During many different epochs it has retained its status as a major city in the Western Balkans, due to its geostrategic positioning close to the Adriatic and the Italian ports, but also with land-routes to other important cities and towns in neighbouring regions.
Its importance is heightened by the Lake of Shkodër to the west of the city - the largest in the Western Balkans- that straddles Albania and neighbouring Montenegro. The population of Shkodër is 95,907, while Shkodër County has a population of 217,375.
The name of Shkodra is first attested in antiquity in the form Skodra (Latin: Scodra, and in the Greek genitive ('of the Skodrians') found on coins from the 2nd century BC. Its ultimate origins, from Illyrian or some other ancient Balkan language, are unknown. The further development of the name has been the object of some discussion among linguists in the context of the debate over the linguistic provenance of Albanians and the Albanian language. While Cabej and Demiraj treat the development from Skodra to modern Shkodra as evidence of regular development within Albanian, Matzinger argues that it fails to display certain known phonological changes that would have to have happened if the name had been continually in use in (proto-)Albanian since pre-Roman times.
The name was adapted to Italian as Scutari; in this form it was also in wide use in English until the 20th century.
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