Rottweil is a town in southwest Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Rottweil was a Free Imperial City for nearly 600 years.

Located between the Black Forest and the Swabian Alps, Rottweil has almost 139,500 inhabitants as of 2019. The old town is famous for its medieval center and for its traditional carnival (called "Fasnet" in the local Swabian dialect). It is the oldest town in Baden-Württemberg, and its appearance has changed very little since the 16th century.

Main sights include:

• The late-Romanesque and Gothic-era Münster Heiliges Kreuz ("Minster of the Holy Cross"), built over a pre-existing church from 1270. It features a crucifix by Veit Stoss and noteworthy Gothic sculptures.
• Kapellenkirche (1330-1340), a Gothic church with a tower and with three statue-decorated portals.
• Lorenzkapelle ("Church of St. Lawrence", 16th century) in late Gothic style. It houses some two hundred works by Swabian masters and Gothic altarpieces from the 14th and 15th centuries.
• The town's museum, including a notable Roman mosaic with the legend of Orpheus.
• The late-Gothic town hall (1521).
• St. Pelagius, a Romanesque church from the 12th century. Excavations have brought to light Roman baths on the same site.
• Dominican Museum of Rottweil - local branch of the Landesmuseum Württemberg
• As of 2015, ThyssenKrupp was constructing a $45 million, 807-foot (246 m) tower. The tower is a research facility for the company and is to be used to test new elevator cars and technologies. At 807 feet, it is the tallest structure in the district. The windowless building is to have 12 elevator shafts.

The Rottweiler dog is named after this town; it used to be a butcher's dog in the region.