In ancient times, Sant Antoni de Calonge served as a summer retreat for the Romans. Construction on the fortress in Calonge dates back to the 8th century.

The church of St. Daniel and a Roman road are the two oldest buildings of architectural value still standing in Sant Antoni.

The church of St Daniel dates back to the sixteenth or seventeenth century.

Additionally, there are some ruins, megaliths, Chalcolithic burial caves, and ancient artifacts scattered across the coastline and housed in the Archaeological Museum of Calonge.

This archaeological evidence suggests the area was inhabited during the periods of Prehistoric Iberia and the Roman Empire.

Sant Antoni did not begin to develop as a separate town until fishing villages began populating the Spanish coast in the late eighteenth century with the decline of piracy. With few ancient structures to impeded development, most buildings in Sant Antoni are from the twentieth century, although some homes date back to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The Neo-Gothic church of Saint Anthony was built in 1936. Sant Antoni de Calonge is now under the municipality of Calonge. However, it was an autonomous town in 1936 under the name, San Antonio de Mar and later Levantine Sea. This autonomy only lasted during the Spanish Civil War, from 1936 until 1939.

In summer Sant Antoni de Calonge draws crowds of water sport enthusiasts and vacationers from across Catalonia.

In 2011 Sant Antoni de Calonge hosted a photo contest which utilized five giant frames located around the city. These frames are still in place and serve as markers for many of the most picturesque scenes in Sant Antoni.