Streatley is situated just to the west of the A6, and is the first village on the A6 north of Luton, being about 5.5 miles (9 km) north of central Luton. Nearby villages are Lower Sundon, further to the west, Sharpenhoe, 1.5 miles north, and Barton-le-Clay, a somewhat larger village about 1.5 miles north, on the eastern side of the A6.

The parish covers the village of Streatley along with Sharpenhoe. In the south of the parish it covers both sides of the A6, bordering Luton to the south and North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire to the east. North of the village of Streatley, the parish is entirely to the west of the A6. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 1,707.

The Icknield Way Path passes through the village on its 110-mile journey from Ivinghoe Beacon in Buckinghamshire to Knettishall Heath in Suffolk. The Icknield Way Trail, a multi-user route for walkers, horse riders and off-road cyclists also passes through the village.